Oculoplastics and reconstructive eye surgery
Essentially it is about reconstruction of eyes and related parts of the eye along with the face. Occuloplasty is needed where the problem with is there by birth or is acquired under various circumstances. It aims at improving function, comfort and appearance of the eyes and face.
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General Symptoms
- Wrinkles, scars or folds around the eyes
- Blinking of eyes more than necessary
- Twitching of eyes
- Tumors growing inside or surrounding the eye
- Eyelids Hanging Downwards (Ptosis)
- Blocked Tear Ducts (NLD Block)
- Eyelids tearing in or out (Entropion/Ectropion)
- Blepharoplasty or excessive fat in eyelids
- Bulging Eyes
- The absence of an eye
- Orbit Tumors
When to consider Oculoplastics?
This is a specialized area of ophthalmology focused on the health of the eyelids, orbit, tear ducts and other structures around the eye, is often called oculofacial or ophthalmic plastic and reconstructive surgery. Oculoplastic surgery is used to treat conditions ranging from drooping eyelids and blocked tear ducts to orbital fractures and tumors of the eye. While oculoplastic surgery is often medically necessary, many people choose to have surgery for purely cosmetic reasons.
PTOSIS
Ptosis is a drooping of the upper eyelid. It may be a mild droop that is barely noticeable or maybe severe enough to cover the pupil and obscure vision.
There is no medical management for congenital ptosis. The weak muscle has to be strengthened surgically to lift the eyelid. In case of severe muscle weakness, an artificial sling material or material taken from one s own thigh (fascia lata) is used to lift the lid.
WATERING AND TEARING EYES
Watering eyes is a common problem especially amongst old aged people. Epiphora (tearing eyes) is excessive watering from the eyes that result in overflow of tears.
The treatment that would suit you the best can be decided only after a detailed evaluation of the eye.
TUMORS OF THE EYELIDS
Tumors or lesions involving the eyelids can be benign (non cancerous) or malignant (cancerous).
Benign lesions such as cysts, nevus etc can be removed and the defect closed by meticulous suturing giving the desired cosmesis.
Eyelid cancers need total removal of the lesion along with some surrounding normal tissue. The resulting tissue defect which is usually large needs closure by using a combination of oculoplastic reconstruction techniques.
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EYE LID DEFECT RECONSTRUCTION
Eyelid defect occurs when there is loss or absence of eyelid tissue.It can be seen in children at birth, caused by injury, burns and after surgical removal of eyelid cancer.
Surgery needed to rebuild a defect will depend on the size and location of the defect. Skin may be mobilized from the surrounding area. Along with this,grafts maybe taken from the opposite eyelid, behind the ears, inside the mouth and various other areas. All these surgeries are done to preserve vision, maintain the function of the eyelid and improve cosmesis.
ORBITAL TUMORS
Tumors can sometimes develop in the tissues surrounding the eyes. They can be present since early childhood or arise at any age group. They usually present as a swelling around the eye or cause forward protrusion and displacement of the eye. These lesions need to be removed meticulously and completely without causing any damage to the important structures around the eyes. Moreover, an aesthetically appropriate surgical approach is chosen so as to minimize the scar and hide it along the natural creases.
PERI-OCULAR TRAUMA
Trauma to the eyelids or the orbital space around the eyes can occur in isolation or associated with facial trauma. Its incidence has increased with the increasing trends of road traffic accidents.
Eyelid trauma can be a simple tear or it can be associated with damage to other important structures (the lacrimal drainage system, muscle that lifts up the lid and sometimes even the eyeball). A meticulous repair of the lids and the damaged structures is to be done within a few hours to provide best functional and cosmetic results.
BONE FRACTURE AROUND EYES
When one or more bones around the eye are broken due to trauma, the condition is called an orbital fracture. This may involve the roof, floor, lateral or medial walls of the orbit.
Symptoms of orbital fracture can include swelling of the eyelids, pain in the eye, double vision, bruising around the eye, sunken eye, numbness of upper teeth and decreased movement of the affected eye.
REMOVAL OF EYE & COSMETIC REHABILITATION
Removal of eyeball (enucleation) or its contents (evisceration) may be required in cases of an eye tumor or a blind disfigured painful eye. Loss of the eye requires significant adjustments in a person’s life. Restoring the appearance of the face in these cases goes a long way in improving self-image and self-confidence.
OCULOFACIAL AESTHETICS
Eyes are the centre of an individual’s expressivity and attractiveness. Cosmetic eyelid and facial plastic surgery embraces a number of procedures to correct hooded or baggy eyelids and improve the aesthetic appearance of the eyelids and surrounding area of the face, including the eyebrows, forehead and mid-face.
BLEPHAROPLASTY
This is a surgical procedure to remodel excess tissue – skin, muscle and sometimes fat, from the upper and/or lower eyelids.
BROW LIFT
This is a surgical procedure to raise the level of the drooping eyebrows and forehead, often done in association with upper eyelid blepharoplasty. The aim is to correct eyebrow drooping.
These surgical procedures are often combined with the use of botox injections to smoothen the deep activity lines and filler injections to correct the hollow lines of the face.
OCULOFACIAL AESTHETICS
Eyes are the centre of an individual’s expressivity and attractiveness. Cosmetic eyelid and facial plastic surgery embraces a number of procedures to correct hooded or baggy eyelids and improve the aesthetic appearance of the eyelids and surrounding area of the face, including the eyebrows, forehead and mid-face.
Blepharoplasty:
This is a surgical procedure to remodel excess tissue – skin, muscle and sometimes fat, from the upper and/or lower eyelids.